XPointer 实例
XPointer实例
让我们通过研究一个实例来学习一些基础的 XPointer 语法。
XPointer 实例
在本例中，我们会为您展示如何使用 XPointer 并结合 XLink 来指向另外一个文档的某个具体的部分。
我们将通过研究目标 XML 文档开始（即我们要链接的那个文档）。
目标XML文档
目标XML文档名为 "dogbreeds.xml"，它列出了一些不同的狗种类：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<dogbreeds>
<dog breed="Rottweiler" id="Rottweiler">
<picture url="http://dog.com/rottweiler.gif" />
<history>The Rottweiler‘s ancestors were probably Roman
drover dogs.....</history>
<temperament>Confident, bold, alert and imposing, the Rottweiler
is a popular choice for its ability to protect....</temperament>
</dog>
<dog breed="FCRetriever" id="FCRetriever">
<picture url="http://dog.com/fcretriever.gif" />
<history>One of the earliest uses of retrieving dogs was to
help fishermen retrieve fish from the water....</history>
<temperament>The flat-coated retriever is a sweet, exuberant,
lively dog that loves to play and retrieve....</temperament>
</dog>
</dogbreeds>
<dogbreeds>
<dog breed="Rottweiler" id="Rottweiler">
<picture url="http://dog.com/rottweiler.gif" />
<history>The Rottweiler‘s ancestors were probably Roman
drover dogs.....</history>
<temperament>Confident, bold, alert and imposing, the Rottweiler
is a popular choice for its ability to protect....</temperament>
</dog>
<dog breed="FCRetriever" id="FCRetriever">
<picture url="http://dog.com/fcretriever.gif" />
<history>One of the earliest uses of retrieving dogs was to
help fishermen retrieve fish from the water....</history>
<temperament>The flat-coated retriever is a sweet, exuberant,
lively dog that loves to play and retrieve....</temperament>
</dog>
</dogbreeds>
注意上面的 XML 文档在每个我们需要链接的元素上使用了 id 属性！
XML 链接文档
不止能够链接到整个文档（当使用 XLink 时），XPointer 允许您链接到文档的特定部分。如需链接到页面的某个具体的部分，请在 xlink:href 属性中的 URL 后添加一个井号 (#) 以及一个 XPointer 表达式。
表达式：#xpointer(id("Rottweiler")) 可引用目标文档中 id 值为 "Rottweiler" 的元素。
因此，xlink:href 属性会类似这样：xlink:href="http://dog.com/dogbreeds.xml#xpointer(id(‘Rottweiler‘))"
不过，当使用 id 链接到某个元素时，XPointer 允许简写形式。您可以直接使用 id 的值，就像这样：xlink:href="http://dog.com/dogbreeds.xml#Rottweiler"。
下面的 XML 文档可引用每条狗的品种信息，均通过 XLink 和 XPointer 来引用：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<mydogs xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<mydog xlink:type="simple"
xlink:href="http://dog.com/dogbreeds.xml#Rottweiler">
<description xlink:type="simple"
xlink:href="http://myweb.com/mydogs/anton.gif">
Anton is my favorite dog. He has won a lot of.....
</description>
</mydog>
<mydog xlink:type="simple"
xlink:href="http://dog.com/dogbreeds.xml#FCRetriever">
<description xlink:type="simple"
xlink:href="http://myweb.com/mydogs/pluto.gif">
Pluto is the sweetest dog on earth......
</description>
</mydog>
</mydogs>
<mydogs xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<mydog xlink:type="simple"
xlink:href="http://dog.com/dogbreeds.xml#Rottweiler">
<description xlink:type="simple"
xlink:href="http://myweb.com/mydogs/anton.gif">
Anton is my favorite dog. He has won a lot of.....
</description>
</mydog>
<mydog xlink:type="simple"
xlink:href="http://dog.com/dogbreeds.xml#FCRetriever">
<description xlink:type="simple"
xlink:href="http://myweb.com/mydogs/pluto.gif">
Pluto is the sweetest dog on earth......
</description>
</mydog>
</mydogs>