androguard 功能分析与定制
0x00 前言
androguard是一款非常棒的开源Android APK静态分析工具；使用Python开发；androguard只能在Linux环境运行，因为它使用的几个python库仅支持Linux平台。并且由于复杂的库依赖，在Linux环境的安装也较困难；好消息是santoku已经集成了它，不用我们再折腾，androguard安装在santoku的/usr/share/androguard目录；下面分析其主要功能，并开发一些额外的实用功能；
相关链接：
https://github.com/androguard/androguard/
https://santoku-linux.com/
0x01 模块介绍
1.androapkinfo.py
用来查看apk文件信息，该工具输出apk文件的包、资源、权限、组件、方法等信息。使用方法：
./androapkinfo.py -i ./demo.apk
2.androxml.py
用来解密apk包中的AndroidManifest.xml文件。使用方法：
./androxml.py -i ./demo.apk
3.androcsign.py
用于添加apk文件的签名信息到一个数据库文件，其所有目录为signatures/dbandroguard。使用前首先要为apk编写一个sign文件，这个文件使用json格式保存。、
[
{
"SAMPLE":"apks/demo.apk"
},
{
"BASE":"AndroidOS",
"NAME":"DroidDeram",
"SIGNATURE":[
{
"TYPE":"METHSIM",
"CN":"Lcom/droider/demo/MainActivity$SNChecker;",
"MN":"isRegistered",
"D":"()Z"
}
],
"BF":"0"
}
]使用方法：
./androcsign.py -i signatures/demo.sign -o signatures/dbandroguard
4.androdd.py
用于生成apk文件中，每个类的方法的调用流程图。使用方法：
./androdd.py -i ./demo.apk -o ./out -d -d PNG
5.androdiff.py
比较两个apk文件的差异。使用方法：
./androdiff.py -i ./demo.apk ./demo2.apk
6.androdump.py
用于dump一个linux进程的信息。使用方法：
./androdump.py -i pid
7.androgexf.py
用于生成apk的gexf格式的图形文件，该文件可以使用Gephi软件查看。使用方法：
./androgexf.py -i ./demo.apk -o ./demo.gexf
8.androlyze.py
交互式的Android静态分析程序，功能特别多。具体可以参考coreanalysis和corebytecodes下的代码。以及Xbalien的相关使用介绍。
9.andromercury.py
andromercury.py是Mercury工具的框架。功能上是对Mercury的包装。内网实验室的社区网站上有8篇2013年发的Mercury的使用介绍，已经使用，功能比较丰富。
10.androrisk.py
用于评估apk的潜在风险，最后会得出一个分。ICSL_androguard中使用了这个模块的分析结果。
11.androsign.py
用于检测apk的签名信息是否在数据库里，与androcsign.py功能恰好相反。
12.androsim.py
用于计算两个apk文件的相似度。是个开源的库。网上相关资料比较少，在androguard老的google source code网站wiki里面有介绍。
13.androxgmml.py
用于生成apk/jar/class/dex等文件的控制流程及功能调用图，生成格式为xgmml。使用方法：
./androxgmml.py -i ./demo.apk -o ./demo.xgmml
14.apkviewer.py
为apk文件中每个类生成一个独立的graphhml文件，可以使用Gephi查看。使用方法：
./apkviewer.py -i ./demo.apk -o ./output
0x02 androguard DIY
我们接下来将开发或适配下列功能：
组件Activities，Services，Content Providers、Broadcast Receivers
Permissions 及对应使用代码
敏感 APIs 监控
URL、IP、口令、加解密算法等信息监控
检查动态注册的 Receivers
检测 AllowBackup、Debuggable、ShareUserId、用户自定义权限
risk 评分
0x03 Code Show
下面记录一些关键代码实现：
一、敏感 API 调用
def show_Sensitive_APIs(dx):
for i in Sensitive_APIs:
print " ",i,Sensitive_APIs[i][0],Sensitive_APIs[i][1]
paths = dx.get_tainted_packages().search_methods( Sensitive_APIs[i][0],Sensitive_APIs[i][1],".")
show_Paths(dx.get_vm(), paths )
Sensitive_APIs = {
#log
#0 : [ "Landroid/util/Log;","d"],
#send sms
1: ["Landroid/telephony/SmsManager;","sendTextMessage"],
#read sms
2: [".","getDisplayMessageBody"],
3: [".","getMessageBody"],
#IMEI
4: ["Landroid/telephony/TelephonyManager;","getDecicedID"],
#phone number
5: ["Landroid/telephony/TelephonyManager;","getLine1Number"],
#get Sim serial
6: ["Landroid/telephony/TelephonyManager;","getSimSerialNumber"],
#Location
7: ["Landroid/telephony/TelephonyManager;","getCellLocation"],
#GPS
8: [".","getLastKnownLocation"],
9: [".","requestLocationUpdates"],
#Recorder
10: ["Landroid/media/MediaRecorder;","prepare"],
#native_code
11: ["Ljava/lang/Runtime;","exec"],
12: ["Ljava/lang/Runtime;","load"],
13: ["Ljava/lang/System;","load"],
#file io
14: ["Llibcore/io/IoBridge;", "open"],
15: ["Llibcore/io/IoBridge;", "read"],
16: ["Llibcore/io/IoBridge;", "write"],
17: ["Ljava/io/File;", "create"],
18: ["Ljava/io/File;", "delete"],
19: ["Ljava/io/File;", "get"],
20: ["Ljava/io/File;", "mk"],
21: ["Ljava/io/File;", "set"],
#get resource
22: [".","openRawResource"],
23: [".","getAssets"],
#http
24: ["Lorg/apache/http/impl/client/AbstractHttpClient;", "execute"],
25: ["Ljava/net/HttpURLConnection;","connect"],
26: ["Ljava/net/URL;","openConnection"],
27: ["Ljava/net/URLConnection;","connect"],
28: ["Ljava/net/Socket;","."],
#ssl
29: ["Ljavax/net/ssl;","."],
#WebView
30: ["Landroid/webkit/WebView;","addJavascriptInterface"],
31: ["Landroid/webkit/WebView;","searchBoxJavaBridge_"],
#load jar
32: ["Ldalvik/system/DexClassLoader;","."],
33: ["Ljava/net/URLClassLoader;","."],
34: ["Ldalvik/system/PathClassLoader;","."],
#ReflectionCode
35: ["Ljava/lang/reflect/Method;", "."],
#encrypt or SHA
36: [".", "doFinal"],
37: [".","digest"],
#use camera
38: ["Landroid/hardware/Camera;","open"],
#query SQL(read contact\SMS)
39: ["Landroid/content/ContentResolver;","query"],
#SharedPreferences
40: ["Landroid/content/SharedPreferences;","edit" ],
#sendBroadcast
41: [".","sendBroadcast"],
42: [".","sendOrderedBroadcast"],
43: [".","sendStickyBroadcast"],
44: [".","sendStickyOrderedBroadcast"],
#start activity
45: [".","startActivity"],
46: [".","startActivityForResult"],
#Service
47: [".","startService"],
48: [".","bindService"],
#write to SD card ,add by Colbert 20150120
49: [".","getExternalStorageDirectory"],
#input check ,add by Colbert 20150120
50: [".","readLine"]
}
二、关键字匹配
vm = dvm.DalvikVMFormat(apk.get_dex()) #dex转DalvikVMFormat
vmx = analysis.uVMAnalysis(vm)
vm.get_regex_strings("(?i)password") #Key Words
vm.get_regex_strings("AES")
vm.get_regex_strings("^((https?|ftp)://[^\s/$.?#].[^\s]*)$") #urls
vm.get_regex_strings("[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+") #ip
三、动态加载的Receivers
#Dynamically Registered Receiver
def show_Register_receiver(dx):
paths = dx.get_tainted_packages().search_methods(".","registerReceiver",".")
show_Paths(dx.get_vm(), paths )
四、SharedUserId、AllowBackup、Debuggable等
self.sharedUserId = self.xml[i].documentElement.getAttribute("android:sharedUserId")
for item in self.xml[i].getElementsByTagName(‘application‘):
self.allowbackup.append(str(item.getAttributeNS(NS_ANDROID_URI, "allowBackup")))
五、计算风险评分
ri = risk.RiskIndicator() ri.add_risk_analysis( risk.RedFlags() ) ri.add_risk_analysis( risk.FuzzyRisk() ) analyze_app( options.input, ri, a ) def display_result(res) : for i in res : print "\t", i for j in res[i] : print "\t\t", j, res[i][j] def analyze_app(filename, ri, a) : display_result( ri.with_apk( a ) )
六、扫描结果示例
[Activities]
com.achievo.vipshop.activity.LodingActivity
com.tencent.tauth.AuthActivity
[Services]
com.achievo.vipshop.manage.service.SplashAlarmService
com.vipshop.sdk.push.MqttService
[Content Providers][Broadcast Receivers]
com.vipshop.sdk.viplog.batch.VipLogReceiver
com.vipshop.sdk.push.VipsPushReceiver
[Permissions]
USE_CREDENTIALS :
1 Lcom/androidquery/auth/GoogleHandle;->reauth(Lcom/androidquery/callback/AbstractAjaxCallback;)Z (0x12) ---> Landroid/accounts/AccountManager;->invalidateAuthToken(Ljava/lang/String; Ljava/lang/String;)V
READ_PHONE_STATE :
[Sensitive APIs]
30 Landroid/webkit/WebView; addJavascriptInterface
1 Lbolts/WebViewAppLinkResolver$2;->then(Lbolts/Task;)Lbolts/Task; (0x56) ---> Landroid/webkit/WebView;->addJavascriptInterface(Ljava/lang/Object; Ljava/lang/String;)V
[Dynamically registered receivers]
1 Lcom/achievo/vipshop/newactivity/CartFloatView;->registerFavoriteRecever()V (0x3e) ---> Landroid/content/Context;->registerReceiver(Landroid/content/BroadcastReceiver; Landroid/content/IntentFilter;)Landroid/content/Intent;
[SharedUserId|AllowBackup|Debuggable]
SharedUserId:[]
AllowBackup:[false]
Debuggable[false]
[key words][‘PWDCHARS_ARRAY‘, ‘PWDCHARS_STRING‘, ‘pwd‘, ‘pwdWatcher‘]
[‘UserName‘, ‘userName‘, ‘username‘, ‘username=‘, ‘username_del‘]
[‘secretKey‘]
[‘ENCRYPTION‘, ‘ENCRYPTION_AES‘, ‘ENCRYPT_ACTION‘, ‘encrypt‘, ‘encryption error. ‘]
[‘imei‘, ‘imei=‘]
[‘imsi‘]
[‘AES‘, ‘AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding‘, ‘AES/ECB/PKCS7Padding‘, ‘AESUtils‘, ‘AESUtils.java‘]
[‘SHA-1‘]
[]
[]
[‘MD5‘, ‘MD5.java‘, ‘MD5PatchVerifier.java‘, ‘MD5Util.java‘, ‘MD5_INSTANCE‘, ‘MD5_SALT‘]
[‘RSA‘, ‘RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding‘, ‘RSA_PKCS_V15‘, ‘RSA_PKCS_V21‘, ‘RSA_PRIVATE‘, ‘RSA_PUBLIC‘][urls]
ftp://anonymous:anonymous@
http://%1$s/diagnoses/v1/report
http://%1$s/gslb/gslb/getbucket.asp?ver=3.0
http://10.237.12.17:9085/pass/register
http://400.vip.com/WebChat/chat/wapchat.jsp?
http://800.vip.com/live800/chatClient/chatbox.jsp?companyID=8900&configID=17&enterurl=APP&pagereferrer=APP&syslanguage=0
http://a.appsimg.com
http://a.appsimg.com/upload/brand/
http://a.appsimg.com/upload/merchandise/
http://ap.vip.com/coupons_rules
http://ap.vip.com/fwxy1015
http://ap.vip.com/index.php?m=activity&code=coupon_help2&wapid=ap_2342
http://ap.vip.com/index.php?m=activity&code=global_rule&wapid=ap_1881
[ip]
1.1.3.61
1.2.2.56
1.3.4.60
10.0.0.172
10.0.0.200
10.237.12.17
10.237.12.2
2.3.3.61
2.4.0.61
223.202.68.46
42.62.48.181
58.68.235.106
58.68.235.232[risk score]
RedFlags
DEX {‘NATIVE‘: 1, ‘DYNAMIC‘: 1, ‘CRYPTO‘: 1, ‘REFLECTION‘: 1}
APK {‘DEX‘: 0, ‘EXECUTABLE‘: 0, ‘ZIP‘: 0, ‘SHELL_SCRIPT‘: 0, ‘APK‘: 0, ‘SHARED LIBRARIES‘: 87}
PERM {‘PRIVACY‘: 6, ‘NORMAL‘: 9, ‘MONEY‘: 0, ‘INTERNET‘: 1, ‘SMS‘: 2, ‘DANGEROUS‘: 13, ‘SIGNATUREORSYSTEM‘: 1, ‘CALL‘: 0, ‘SIGNATURE‘: 0, ‘GPS‘: 2}
FuzzyRisk
VALUE 80.0
0x04 总结
定制androguard可用于大批量APK分析工作；通过迅速给出攻击面信息，辅助人工分析；但在进行加固APK分析时先天不足，需使用DroidBox、Xposed、adbi、Dozer等动态分析工具或手段来补齐短板；