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openssl生成RSA格式，并转为pkcs8格式

原文地址：http://www.thinkingquest.net/articles/391.html?utm_source=tuicool

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openssl 加密工具 支付宝“手机网站支付“开发包里面有，下载地址：https://b.alipay.com/order/techService.htm 
生成命令使用说明：

RSA密钥生成命令
生成RSA私钥
openssl>genrsa -out rsa_private_key.pem 1024
生成RSA公钥
openssl>rsa -in rsa_private_key.pem -pubout -out rsa_public_key.pem
将RSA私钥转换成PKCS8格式
openssl>pkcs8 -topk8 -inform PEM -in rsa_private_key.pem -outform PEM -nocrypt

注意：“>”符号后面的才是需要输入的命令。

openssl默认使用的是PEM格式，经过base64。

生成pem格式的私钥：
openssl genrsa -out private_key.pem 1024

生成公钥：
openssl rsa -in private_key.pem -pubout -out public_key.pem

产生的密钥如下：

[wind@localhost key]$ cat private_key.pem 
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
[wind@localhost key]$ 
[wind@localhost key]$ 
[wind@localhost key]$ openssl rsa -in private_key.pem -pubout -out public_key.pem
writing RSA key
[wind@localhost key]$ cat public_key.pem 
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCd3V5+GjpOwqNks9ProDGaZT2q
URAAuAodHcUM3P1mnhOh4l4uVdvkXunUI7K6XDg6Xu9eL1WDQc6qKXs/OD91LS+R
pkIAb2gMU8hGrNfR34izZh36KdfWnEQpniAiFsHsg2ddAaPtGZZ8/jpjuPq32IVZ
JkgyKcWqnz5aL3FMXQIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----

某些语言需要pkcs8格式的公钥。（php就不需要了）
使用openssl将刚才生成的公钥转为pkcs#8格式：
openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -inform PEM -in private_key.pem -outform PEM -nocrypt -out private_key_pkcs8.pem

下面附上java和php语言的加解密demo代码：
php：

<?php 
$pri = "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----";
 
$pub = "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCd3V5+GjpOwqNks9ProDGaZT2q
URAAuAodHcUM3P1mnhOh4l4uVdvkXunUI7K6XDg6Xu9eL1WDQc6qKXs/OD91LS+R
pkIAb2gMU8hGrNfR34izZh36KdfWnEQpniAiFsHsg2ddAaPtGZZ8/jpjuPq32IVZ
JkgyKcWqnz5aL3FMXQIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----";
 
 
$data = "message";
 
echo "\n<br/>\n";
openssl_public_encrypt($data, $crypted, $pub);
echo base64_encode($crypted);
 
echo "\n<br/>\n";
 
openssl_private_decrypt($crypted, $decrypted, $pri);
echo $decrypted;
?>

下面是java版:

package com.qihoo.srouter.rom;
 
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.PublicKey;
 
import sun.misc.*;
 
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
 
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
 
import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
 
public class TestRSA {
 
    public static String PRIVATE_KEY = "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----" + "\n" +
            "MIICXAIBAAKBgQCd3V5+GjpOwqNks9ProDGaZT2qURAAuAodHcUM3P1mnhOh4l4u" + "\n" +
            "VdvkXunUI7K6XDg6Xu9eL1WDQc6qKXs/OD91LS+RpkIAb2gMU8hGrNfR34izZh36" + "\n" +
            "KdfWnEQpniAiFsHsg2ddAaPtGZZ8/jpjuPq32IVZJkgyKcWqnz5aL3FMXQIDAQAB" + "\n" +
            "AoGAJFdkvGTvTVhTYwhe3dxn7uIlmwLES1YSxfcneLmbADedz2OcSNBtKZqL+9Eo" + "\n" +
            "AOzf6NgYBLei2O+aUuPvwnMBcGyijFmRoZGVEj70UP0mngyAkvY/juA60QDe5kY5" + "\n" +
            "rsqj4raHUf4iDK85nNwzXu7hIlPAn+ZmH+e2Eekwo1rmgQUCQQDJerucfBKk3qrV" + "\n" +
            "xS5NRW99lKMomIsMH55Si+rbrnk8aU3SSRSD6uil3Dytv0erLZbc9d0Nr6SmBZgO" + "\n" +
            "0qzOjXDDAkEAyJVGgHMNuMbpHnim93HAP7wcejmMx7rP4zutw4OCiHrWv3kN8WUC" + "\n" +
            "u826taRFtOuiXhQ3X8+tb0l4ifae+vJ8XwJAEcmuKqChnMCz4G+qKNRKhZHL3dep" + "\n" +
            "3wYjmjIUKBT9SyIY5sng78ybgZkyGjza/Pfna9ahD4ZESQwRYq2i6BGAtQJBAJyD" + "\n" +
            "bmnYXQKro0e1mYNHbV3OKOJueZ139bM35BTFT1uzjlIF4Y1U5lco5uHJduL/YsjK" + "\n" +
            "OZM3d/t4duggWlkyUT0CQBdsjc7eQ9roxphrW4Q/6Zwi0EQ4xxM4SgxPY1RvkKFu" + "\n" +
            "i0HdYBj5KRdIbrAbisUyQeKzB7+6oTJH5+kZAU/pxao=" + "\n" +
            "-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----";
     
    public static String PRIVATE_KEY_PKCS8 = "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----" + "\n" +
            "MIICdgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmAwggJcAgEAAoGBAJ3dXn4aOk7Co2Sz" + "\n" +
            "0+ugMZplPapREAC4Ch0dxQzc/WaeE6HiXi5V2+Re6dQjsrpcODpe714vVYNBzqop" + "\n" +
            "ez84P3UtL5GmQgBvaAxTyEas19HfiLNmHfop19acRCmeICIWweyDZ10Bo+0Zlnz+" + "\n" +
            "OmO4+rfYhVkmSDIpxaqfPlovcUxdAgMBAAECgYAkV2S8ZO9NWFNjCF7d3Gfu4iWb" + "\n" +
            "AsRLVhLF9yd4uZsAN53PY5xI0G0pmov70SgA7N/o2BgEt6LY75pS4+/CcwFwbKKM" + "\n" +
            "WZGhkZUSPvRQ/SaeDICS9j+O4DrRAN7mRjmuyqPitodR/iIMrzmc3DNe7uEiU8Cf" + "\n" +
            "5mYf57YR6TCjWuaBBQJBAMl6u5x8EqTeqtXFLk1Fb32UoyiYiwwfnlKL6tuueTxp" + "\n" +
            "TdJJFIPq6KXcPK2/R6stltz13Q2vpKYFmA7SrM6NcMMCQQDIlUaAcw24xukeeKb3" + "\n" +
            "ccA/vBx6OYzHus/jO63Dg4KIeta/eQ3xZQK7zbq1pEW066JeFDdfz61vSXiJ9p76" + "\n" +
            "8nxfAkARya4qoKGcwLPgb6oo1EqFkcvd16nfBiOaMhQoFP1LIhjmyeDvzJuBmTIa" + "\n" +
            "PNr89+dr1qEPhkRJDBFiraLoEYC1AkEAnINuadhdAqujR7WZg0dtXc4o4m55nXf1" + "\n" +
            "szfkFMVPW7OOUgXhjVTmVyjm4cl24v9iyMo5kzd3+3h26CBaWTJRPQJAF2yNzt5D" + "\n" +
            "2ujGmGtbhD/pnCLQRDjHEzhKDE9jVG+QoW6LQd1gGPkpF0husBuKxTJB4rMHv7qh" + "\n" +
            "Mkfn6RkBT+nFqg==" + "\n" +
            "-----END PRIVATE KEY-----";
 
    public static String PUBLIC_KEY = "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----" + "\n" +
            "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCd3V5+GjpOwqNks9ProDGaZT2q" + "\n" +
            "URAAuAodHcUM3P1mnhOh4l4uVdvkXunUI7K6XDg6Xu9eL1WDQc6qKXs/OD91LS+R" + "\n" +
            "pkIAb2gMU8hGrNfR34izZh36KdfWnEQpniAiFsHsg2ddAaPtGZZ8/jpjuPq32IVZ" + "\n" +
            "JkgyKcWqnz5aL3FMXQIDAQAB" + "\n" +
            "-----END PUBLIC KEY-----";
     
    public static void main(String[] args) {
         
        String text = "message";
         
        try {
            String priStr = PRIVATE_KEY_PKCS8.replaceAll("-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\n", "");
            priStr = priStr.replaceAll("-----END PRIVATE KEY-----", "");
            byte [] privateKeyBytes = new BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(priStr);
            PKCS8EncodedKeySpec privateKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(privateKeyBytes);
            KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
            PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(privateKeySpec);
             
            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA"); 
            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
             
            byte[] crypted = cipher.doFinal(text.getBytes());
             
            System.out.println(new BASE64Encoder().encode(crypted));
             
             
            //  decrypt blow.
             
            String pubStr = PUBLIC_KEY.replaceAll("-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----\n", "");
            pubStr = pubStr.replaceAll("-----END PUBLIC KEY-----", "");
            byte [] publicKeyBytes = new BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(pubStr);
            X509EncodedKeySpec  pubKeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(publicKeyBytes);
            keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
            PublicKey publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(pubKeySpec);
             
            cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA"); 
            cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
             
            byte[] bytes = cipher.doFinal(crypted);
            System.out.println(new String(bytes, "ISO-8859-1"));
             
             
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
         
    }
 
}
 
需要注意的是，java的代码中的private key必须使用pkcs#8格式的。 
java加密  php解密 也是没问题的。

文章来自：http://www.cnblogs.com/niaowo/p/4757616.html